Types of fluid

The fluids may be classified into the following five types:

a. Ideal fluid – A fluid, which is incompressible and is having no viscosity, is known as an ideal fluid. Ideal fluid is only an imaginary fluid as all the fluids, which exist, have some viscosity.

b. Real fluid – A fluid, which possesses viscosity, is known as real fluid. All the fluids, in actual practice, are real fluids.

c. Newtonian fluid – A real fluid, in which the shear stress is directly proportional to the rate of shear strain (or velocity gradient), is known as Newtonian fluid.

d. Non-Newtonian fluid – A real fluid, in which the shear stress is not proportional to the rate of shear strain, is known as non-newtonian fluid.

e. Ideal Plastic fluid – A fluid, in which shear stress is more than the yield value and shear stress is proportional to the rate of shear strain, is known as ideal plastic fluid.